关于杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县重振奶业生产的调查分析

本文对杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县的奶业生产情况进行了深入的调查和研究 ,介绍了杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县奶业发展的历程、现状及基本经验 ,对县域经济的发展具有借鉴意义     

婴儿配方奶粉中叶黄素测定

建立高效液相色谱法测定婴儿配方奶粉中叶黄素的检测方法。采用色谱柱为Carotenoid C30色谱柱(250.0mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇和甲基叔丁基醚,梯度洗脱,紫外检测器,检测波长445nm。结果表明,叶黄素浓度在0.05～2.0μg/mL之间呈线性关系,线性方程为:y=379874.03X+14289.56,相关系数R2=0.9990;奶粉的含量为50～500μg/100g时,回收率在92.8～103.5%之间,RSD%在1.2～3.5%之间;检出限为5μg/100g。该方法操作快捷简便,结果准确。     

“三鹿奶粉事件”背景下的我国食品安全监管的博弈分析

"三鹿奶粉事件"再一次给我国的食品安全问题敲响了警钟.运用博弈论的理论对食品安全的监管过程进行了分析,通过分析均衡结果与非均衡结果的经济含义指出在监管过程中"以罚代法"及"免检制"的不科学性;并从理论上对监管工作的制度设计和政策制定提出建议,主要有:综合各种措施降低监管成本;在监管过程中更加强调监管者的作用,同等地加大对违法厂商与渎职监管者的处罚力度;废除非"免检制"以及建立监管工作的长效机制.     

从近代牛乳广告看中国的现代性——以1927～1937年《申报》为中心的考察

与近代中国特定的历史情境相契合,近代牛乳广告在陈述牛乳性能、促进销售的文字背后,隐含着丰富而独特的社会文化意蕴。它反映和投射了其时社会精英的现代民族国家想象、政府的卫生现代化实践、市民的现代健康生活向往,可以说,从多个面相呈现了近代中国社会的现代性。另一方面,作为一种大众文化形式,牛乳广告在反复陈述和传播中,又从相关维度促进了中国现代性因子的成长。     

无锡市乳品资源的现状及其发展对策

通过深入调研及分析,论述了发展乳品资源的意义,探讨了无锡市乳品资源生产和加工贮藏的现状,指出了乳品资源可持续发展存在的主要问题,在此基础上,提出了无锡市乳品资源发展的对策.     

从理论层面分析倾销与反倾销

文章从国际经济深层理论方面探讨倾销和反倾销的基本动因、主要表现方式 ,阐明倾销和反倾销是当今世界最主要、也是牵涉经济利益最多的国际经济事务之一 ,反倾销理应成为中国今后一段时间内的一项基本国策。一般情况下 ,倾销的条件是 Ed DOMPF OR,反倾销措施却不只限于征收反倾销税 ,它还包括出口数量限制和价格承诺等措施。     

加入WTO的反倾销问题研究

反倾销是关贸总协定和世贸组织赋予进口国适当自我保护的一项合法权利.我国应在符合世贸组织反倾销法律框架内构筑反倾销机制一方面,利用世贸组织法应对外国对我国出口产品的反倾销,努力消除外国对我国的歧视性待遇,以促进出口贸易的发展;另一方面,建立、完善反倾销法,并据此对外国产品在中国的倾销采取反倾销措施,以保护我国的民族产业.     

Quantitative Risk Assessment of Haemolytic and Uremic Syndrome Linked to O157:H7 and Non‐O157:H7 Shiga‐Toxin Producing Escherichia coli Strains in Raw Milk Soft Cheeses

Shiga‐toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains may cause human infections ranging from simple diarrhea to Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). The five main pathogenic serotypes of STEC (MPS‐STEC) identified thus far in Europe are O157:H7, O26:H11, O103:H2, O111:H8, and O145:H28. Because STEC strains can survive or grow during cheese making, particularly in soft cheeses, a stochastic quantitative microbial risk assessment model was developed to assess the risk of HUS associated with the five MPS‐STEC in raw milk soft cheeses. A baseline scenario represents a theoretical worst‐case scenario where no intervention was considered throughout the farm‐to‐fork continuum. The risk level assessed with this baseline scenario is the risk‐based level. The impact of seven preharvest scenarios (vaccines, probiotic, milk farm sorting) on the risk‐based level was expressed in terms of risk reduction. Impact of the preharvest intervention ranges from 76% to 98% of risk reduction with highest values predicted with scenarios combining a decrease of the number of cow shedding STEC and of the STEC concentration in feces. The impact of postharvest interventions on the risk‐based level was also tested by applying five microbiological criteria (MC) at the end of ripening. The five MCs differ in terms of sample size, the number of samples that may yield a value larger than the microbiological limit, and the analysis methods. The risk reduction predicted varies from 25% to 96% by applying MCs without preharvest interventions and from 1% to 96% with combination of pre‐ and postharvest interventions.     

Development and Application of a Probabilistic Risk–Benefit Assessment Model for Infant Feeding Integrating Microbiological,Nutritional, and Chemical Components

A probabilistic and interdisciplinary risk–benefit assessment (RBA) model integrating microbiological, nutritional, and chemical components was developed for infant milk, with the objective of predicting the health impact of different scenarios of consumption. Infant feeding is a particular concern of interest in RBA as breast milk and powder infant formula have both been associated with risks and benefits related to chemicals, bacteria, and nutrients, hence the model considers these three facets. Cronobacter sakazakii, dioxin‐like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl‐PCB), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were three risk/benefit factors selected as key issues in microbiology, chemistry, and nutrition, respectively. The present model was probabilistic with variability and uncertainty separated using a second‐order Monte Carlo simulation process. In this study, advantages and limitations of undertaking probabilistic and interdisciplinary RBA are discussed. In particular, the probabilistic technique was found to be powerful in dealing with missing data and to translate assumptions into quantitative inputs while taking uncertainty into account. In addition, separation of variability and uncertainty strengthened the interpretation of the model outputs by enabling better consideration and distinction of natural heterogeneity from lack of knowledge. Interdisciplinary RBA is necessary to give more structured conclusions and avoid contradictory messages to policymakers and also to consumers, leading to more decisive food recommendations. This assessment provides a conceptual development of the RBA methodology and is a robust basis on which to build upon.     

‘Pure milk’: dairy production and the discourse of purity in Mongolia

In this article I explore some of the ways in which consumer discourse related to factory-produced tarag (drinkable yogurt) reflects concerns about food safety and cultural identity in Mongolia. Providing examples of how Mongolian industrial dairy producers position products made from imported milk powder as ‘local’, ‘pure’, and ‘natural’, I contrast consumers’ views of ‘artificial’ or ‘poisonous’ milk from Inner Mongolia (China), uncertainty over the nature of Mongolian milk products, and the increasing terminological confusion brought about by dairy process standardization. This paper draws on an analysis of comments posted to Mongolian-language online news sites, in response to rumours that ‘Goyo Tarag’ – a popular yogurt beverage manufactured by Orgil Foods – might in fact be Chinese in origin.